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Good evening Ladies and Gentlemen, I am proud and equally
honored, to be a part of your 35th reunion in honor of the 1st
Amphibious Assault Battalion. This
reunion is special to me, as I am sure it is to you, due to the fact that we
are all in the presence of some of our countries past warriors who were members
of a unit that paved the way for the Marine Corps amphibious doctrine. For many
of us in the audience tonight, there is no better place.
As previously
mentioned, I currently serve in Company D, 4th Reconnaissance Bn as
the Inspector-Instructor First Sergeant. Company D is comprised of over 80
Reserve Marines from all over the state and beyond who have one thing in
common, to protect their country and fellow Marine as well as serve our
precious United States of
America.
Our active duty staff is made up of only 12 Marines and is responsible
for the guidance, mentoring, and facilitation of training for all Reserve
Marines in the state of New Mexico. Additionally, we are involved with community
events throughout the state and proudly serve, as you do, as the face of the
Marine Corps for all New Mexicans.
As a young kid and
somewhat ignorant to the world, the realization of Freedom and its price was not a
part of my brain housing group. As a child,
we had to stand up for the Pledge of Allegiance and as I looked up to this
piece of cloth neatly colored red, white and blue the thought of where it came
from or what it meant did not mean anything to me at the time . All I knew from
what my mother told me was to stand up tall and speak loud.
As a young man, I
quickly learned that the cost of freedom wasn't about revenge or an eye for an
eye, it was about preserving our way of life, it was about our families back
home and our loved ones. It was about protecting them and ensuring our beliefs
and traditions were protected. I then asked myself what I am willing to pay for
them and my country. Ultimately, that would be the cost of freedom. Freedom has never been free and never will be.
This belief resonates strongly in the hearts of our nation's veterans. For
those who have given as well as put their lives on the line for our country,
freedom has a special meaning that many will never know. We as Americans learn
these lessons from our veterans, like you, who stormed Omaha Beach in World War
II, who froze on Korea's Chosin Reservoir, who slogged through the steaming
Mekong Delta in Vietnam, and those who killed and chased the Republican Guard
all the way back to Baghdad. Not to mention those who are still fighting
Al-Qaeda insurgents in Afghanistan.
You and these many other Americans can speak about the meaning of freedom.
As I researched
your fine Battalion and read the book "Hitting the Beaches", I became engulfed
in this major piece of Marine Corps history. I came face to face with the kind of men that
I would chant about as a young PFC. The
same chants that are sung as running cadences across the Marine Corps today.
You guys know what I am talking about, you know, the men that eat 2 inch thick
steaks and picked their teeth with a guide on stick, at a time were Moses could
have been a road guard.
Ladies and Gentlemen, please believe me when I tell you that
I was not trying to give you all a history lesson rather allow you all to
remember, in the presence of heroes, a little piece of history that helped form
and shape our great nation.
The First
Armored Amphibian Battalion was activated at Camp Pendleton, California,
on August 20, 1943, less than four months before they were to ship out
overseas. Some of the men were recruited right out of boot camp, a few from
overseas duty in Shanghai, "Gitmo," or
Guadalcanal, but most came from training
centers or schools. Tankers, ordnance
control, radio operators, motor transport, senior leadership, and other
specialties were all summoned for this Battalion. None of them had any idea
what armored amphibians might be. They turned out to be amphibious tanks, also
called amtanks, or LVTAs meaning (Landing Vehicles, Tracked, and Armored). The
Battalion Commander was Major Louis Metzger, just 26 years old then, but already
a veteran of overseas duty, ground combat, tank and artillery schools. Everyone
was young in those days; any man in his thirties was apt to be called
"Pop."
The Battalion called for 830 to 850 men, but more than 1100 men served at one
time or another. The Battalion consisted of four line companies-Alpha, Bravo, Charlie,
and Delta- along with a Headquarters and Service Company. Each line company had
18 LVTA's, H&S had 3, making a Battalion total of 75. The unit was part of
the Fleet Marine Force, Pacific, and the troops were assigned to a different
Marine Corps division for each landing operation. The First Armored was a part
of Nimitz's drive across the Central Pacific toward Japan.
The Battalion trained intensively in the last months of 1943, practicing land
and water operations, driving, firing, landing on beaches, boarding LVTA's from
the sea, and debarking from them. There was no doctrine for these machines.
Everyone learned on their own, through trial and error, for they were the first
battalion of their kind (the Marine Corps actually had only three amtank
battalions in the entire war), and neither the Marine Corps nor the Navy knew
just how to use this new weapon, called, the Amtank. Major Metzger worked hard
in the short time available to prepare the men, and the untried vehicle for combat.
On January 1, 1944, the Battalion conducted practice landings on San Clemente, an island off the coast of California. These maneuvers were a disaster.
The weather turned bad, the seas were rough, and no one really knew what to do
with these strange vehicles. Several tanks sank, and one man, Sgt. Strothers,
was lost at sea when his tank went down.
On January 6, 1944 the BN set sail for their first combat mission, the invasion
of Roi and Namur, two islands of Kwajalein Atoll
in the Marshalls.
That operation began on January 31 and was soon over. For two days, the BN
delivered troops of the Fourth Marine Division from sea to shore, as planned.
On the first day, however, the surf was fearsome. Several of the 16-ton Amtanks
were flipped right over, and more men were lost to drowning than to enemy
action. Kwajalein was considered a light
operation, and in contrast we will say that casualties were light.
Next, the battalion was taken to Guadalcanal.
There, the Marines hacked out a camp in the jungle at Tetere Beach
and spent four months training for their next operation.
On May 31, 1944, they embarked for the invasion of Guam in the Marianas. The plan for the Marianas was to take Saipan
and then Guam. The Saipan landing was on June
15, and the assault on Guam was to come three
days later, on June 18.
But the Japanese Imperial Navy broke up that schedule. They sailed out of the Philippines to
challenge the invasion, but instead ran head on into disaster for themselves.
In the Philippine Sea, Adm. Marc Mitscher's
carrier planes shot down 243 Japanese planes. That was known as the famous
"Great Marianas Turkey Shoot."
Either way, the schedule to hit Guam
on June 18 was disrupted. The Japanese naval challenge and stiff resistance on Saipan puzzled the unit while crippling many assets. The convoys
had been hit twice, with minimal damage, by Japanese torpedo bombers. But the
real problem was that, after many weeks at sea, Amtanks, which had not been
designed as long term troop transports, were running low on fuel, food, and
water. The Guam force was ordered to Eniwetok for restaging, and then back to
Guam for the invasion there on July 21, over seven weeks after the initial Guadalcanal departure.
Upon arrival and in keeping with the battle plan, two separate simultaneous
assaults were made, one on the beaches near the village
of Asan by the Third Marine Division,
the other near the village
of Agat by the First
Provisional Marine Brigade. Amtanks from our C and D Companies, plus three
amtanks from our H&S Company, led the attack on the Asan beaches. Amtanks
from our A and B companies led the attack on the Agat beaches.
In terms of casualties and tanks lost, those landings on Guam
were the most costly of the whole war. Japanese 75mm guns positioned on high
ground could fire down directly on the Amtanks as they crossed the reef. It was
like shooting ducks on a pond. The reef was soon littered with burning vehicles
and dead Marines.
After the main assault, the main concern was defense against counterattack from
the sea, while maintaining position on the beach. The Guam
operation was over in three weeks. On August 12, with half the battalion
afflicted with dengue fever, the unit boarded their vessels for their return to
Guadalcanal.
The second stay on Guadalcanal lasted about
five months, in which time the BN received a new Amtank model. The LVTA-4
replaced the old LVTA-1. It had a 75mm howitzer mounted in an open turret
instead of the 37mm cannon. This not only gave the unit more firepower, but
also made possible a new mission. Beach assault would remain the primary
mission, but with the added enhancement of being able to operate as artillery.
After large-scale naval and troop maneuvers in Guadalcanal waters, the BN left
Guadalcanal for the last time on March 12, 1945, bound for Okinawa.
For this invasion they were operating with the Sixth Marine Division. The Okinawa assault was on April 1, 1945, and it just so happened
that this day was both Easter Sunday and April fool's Day. Luckily for the
Marines, Japanese General Ushijima played an April fool's Day trick of his own.
Contrary to previous Japanese strategy, he elected not to defend the beaches to
the death, as had been expected, but to concentrate his forces in strong
defensive positions in the southern part of the island. Needless to say, the
landings were unopposed.
The First Armored Amphibious BN engaged primarily in artillery and beach
defense, and by all accounts was very effective. At first, they were in the
northern parts of the island supporting the Sixth Division as artillery, but
also by firing into caves on Motobu
Peninsula and helping
take small offshore islands.
After the 6th Marine Division had secured northern Okinawa,
the Division, including the 1st Amphibous Assault BN, transferred
south, where the Japanese were staging their main defense. The BN worked as
artillery by day, beach defense by night, and led minor beach landings in
support of the push southward. It just so happened that 75mm ammunition was in
more plentiful supply on the island than the heavier stuff, so they never ran
out of ammo. They moved often, digging new foxholes, under fire much of the
time, and living in rain and mud. Okinawa
lasted three months for the BN, from April 1, 1945 to July 4.
After Okinawa the unit was transported to Saipan, our second and last rear
area, much different from Guadalcanal. They were
there in August, training for the invasion of Japan, when the atomic bomb ended
the war. High-point men began to leave very soon after, but most of the guys
returned by troop transport in November. The First Armored Amphibian Battalion
was deactivated at Camp Pendleton,
California, on 30 November 1945.
After 27 months and 12 days of battle, bloodshed, extremely active service and
embracing their machine the battalion ceased to exist.
After more than two decades following their deactivation,
First Armored Marines began to gather annually for reunions, each year in a
different U.S.
city. In 1992, they decided to support the publication of a battalion history.
The result, in 1996, was the book, "Hitting the Beaches, a 446-page
anthology of personal reminiscences of the men of the First Armored. There, the
story of the great Americans can be found in their own words.
In closing, this book, for me, was that of a text book. Why
you may ask? Because I learned so much from its pages and will now be able to
pass on this knowledge to future generations. I was reminded that the strength
of our Corps was not from our brilliance but from our camaraderie and the sacrifices
you were willing to make for a fellow Marine. Gentlemen, you all did so much
with so little. Let me assure you that the trackers of today's Corps are a pampas
breed that love to wear old, salty, oil filled utilities. Their favorite thing
to say is YAT YAS, loud and proud. For those of you who may not know, this
stands for YOU AINT TRACKER. YOU AINT SHIT. This alone, says it all in their
world. I, as well as today's trackers, know they wouldn't have this esprit and camaraderie
if it wasn't for the hard work
,dedication ,and love for our great nation that our old corps heroes displayed
while battling on the beaches they assaulted .
Thank you so much for your time. SEMPER FI! and God bless.
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